Anthroposophy and the Russian Soul
- a view
from the true West -
introduction
This is a second essay that wanted
to be written just for this book. I should not have been
surprised, but I was. In fact, it was on the evening of my 66th
birthday, that it became my choice to rise or not from bed and write.
Having trusted such impulses now for many years, how could I
refuse. So, with a cup of hot chocolate for company, and in the
quiet of the midnight hour on December 23rd - 24th, 2006, I wrote the
first words of this essay.
While this essay was originally set
in the section on Critical
Anthroposophy, it would be an error to assume
that in any way antipathy is involved here. The only
authentic motive for writing any of these essays has always been the
same - love. Love for the object of the thinking, whether it is
earthly personalities, Anthroposophy itself, America, Rudolf Steiner,
or any aspect of the Divine Mystery - the motive is the same - love.
It is not a pleasure, however, to
have to write words that some are certain to consider an unkindness.
Love is not always easy, as the reader will know. It often
requires of us difficult tasks. It frequently requires courage,
and without doubt a willingness to appear foolish, or even to expose
ones own being to another's excesses of antipathy. However, there
are acts that must be done, or the soul loses something of itself that
in the beginning we can only call self-respect, and in the end we will
have to recognize as a love of the true and the good, at whatever cost
to the I.
main body
In other places I have written
concerning a man that has to be considered a giant in our work: Sergei
O. Prokofieff. His genius as a reader of Steiner, and his efforts
to re-ignite our appreciation for the Christmas Conference are graces
of soul well deserving of our admiration. But, as he himself said
to me at the Ann Arbor Conference in August 2005, when I spoke to him
for several minutes regarding the Gordienko book, as well as my own
thoughts concerning his work: "None of us are perfect".
Now this can be both a self-serving
observation (an excuse), and something wise as well. I had asked
him if he was knowledgeable and practiced with regards to certain texts
and aspects of soul life, and instead of directly replying, he offered
his comment. In effect, it appears he was saying no in answer
to my question. Even if we just assume this, we still have the
wise observation that each of us can be discovered to have holes in our
character, for he didn't say "I am not....", he said "None of us are perfect."
Anthroposophy is something with
which we all strive, but will probably never fully attain in a single
life time; and, the questions next to be addressed concern grave
matters of direction in our Movement and as regards the future of the
Anthroposophical Society. Given the seriousness of the problem
and the need for the greatest discernment, I ask the reader's
forgiveness for whatever human errors enter into the following
discussion. I would be wrong not to address these matters, and just as
wrong to assume that I will get all of it right.
In order to place some context
around the theme of this essay, I have broadened it beyond Prokofieff,
and set out to include a number of those who work out of the Russian
Soul in their contributions to the Life of Anthroposophy. Some
readers will perhaps not consider this important, but Steiner certain
did, for his considerations of the threefold nature of the world were
numerous and extensive, sometimes involving whole lecture cycles.
In fact, if there is a finger pointing to this, it can be found
not in the presence of deep and wise considerations of the different
primary soul gestures in the world in modern anthroposophical
literature, but rather in the absence of their discussion among modern anthroposophists.
These matters are hardly ever discussed in our circles, which
relegates their perception into the unconscious, a soul place that
frequently subverts our best intentions. It is time to be honest
and forthright about the fact that not only are none of us perfect, but
we are quite different in fundamental soul nature, whether we are of
the East, the Center or the True West.
The Anthroposophical Movement and
Society have encountered a number of Russian Souls, of which I will
refer to four: Valentin Tomberg, Gennady Bondarev, Sergei O. Prokofieff
and Irina Gordienko. Each has their following among
anthroposophists, and each is controversial, some more than others.
It is my observation that the
Russian Soul loves tragedy. I don't mean this in the sense that
this Soul seeks out tragedy and encourages it, but rather that this
Soul finds earthly existence to be a veil of tears, which one should
not only expect, but to a degree embrace. In a way, this Russian
soul - this soul of the East is the opposite of the American Soul, with
its endless romantic belief that all problems have a solution.
Even the most cursory examination
will reveal that pain of soul when engaged in life is celebrated in
Russian literature and poetry. This Soul of the East is not yet
very awake to the Consciousness Soul (toward which the American Soul
has far better instincts), but bears within and behind its outer tragic
countenance the dreaming seeds of the Spirit Self - of the 6th Cultural
Epoch. This embrace of expected suffering builds a camaraderie
which will ultimately form the basis for that aspect of the Spirit
Self, which is to find that it can not feel whole unless it forges true
empathy with the suffering of others.
This dreaming tragic Soul of the
East then encounters in the Center: Anthroposophy. The Russian
Soul's deep yearning for the Christ Mysteries (themselves partially
Mysteries of great suffering) cannot but lead it to the flame of new
spiritual Life being born in the Center. A powerful hunger to not
only understand, but to embrace and meet, fills this Soul, and
Anthroposophy becomes the object of its spiritual passions.
Tomberg, to begin the examples,
arrives in Dornach (in the early 1930's) where the premature death of
Steiner has led to the serious internal strife on the Vorstand (which
was ultimately to lead to the split among the national societies).
Here is spiritual tragedy on a grand scale. Gifted inwardly
with remarkable genius, Tomberg pours his whole soul into a striving to
contribute to the struggling Spiritual Scientific Impulse. His
passions, however, are too much for many in the Center, who had lived
for a long time with Steiner's relatively speaking more restrained
force of personality. As a consequence, Tomberg makes enemies,
and by 1939 has been encouraged to leave the Society, which he does.
Ultimately he finds a place for his genius and his passion in
what he calls: Christian Hermeticism, yet still carries with him a
whisper of anthroposophical tragedy, for many in the Movement and
Society refuse (wrongly) to accept his later work as spiritually valid.
Because Tomberg is the more
successful in his spiritual endeavors, it is likewise more difficult to
perceive his real weaknesses with respect to Anthroposophy. In
his book Meditations on the Tarot: a Journey into Christian
Hermeticism, we can find his love of tragedy,
as regards Anthroposophy, further developed into a serious blindness.
He does not see or recognize in that book Steiner's achievement
as regards objective philosophical introspection (for details see the
next essay). Nor does he in this book appreciate Goethe's
scientific works or the follow on Goethean Science being developed out
of Anthroposophy (Goetheanism). This is not all he does not see
in Anthroposophy, and it would seem that his sense of tragedy regarding
the fall of the Society and its capture by an excess of fascination
with the hierarchies of Evil (a whole other story) has blinded him to
the real meaning of Anthroposophy in the world. For all the
breadth of Tomberg's observations of the riches of the spiritual life
in the Center (as laid out in this book), he was unable (or unwilling)
to really include in his survey of Western spiritual life the full
nature of the positive developments of Anthroposophy.
But Tomberg is not the main lesson
here, so we must move on.
Many years later, Bondarev follows
the flame of Anthroposophy, and absorbs Steiner's writings as if he has
spent the early parts of his life in a spiritual desert. He too
has genius, and becomes a master of Steiner-thought. Yet,
his Russian Soul finds the world following the second great war to be
full of tragedy and evil, and applies his anthroposophical learning to
the task of painting word pictures of this evil in the world on large
canvasses - books full of anthroposophical terminology. He
mistakes his passions in a number of cases for truth (not having
mastered and transformed in his soul the impulses to antipathy and
sympathy), and offers such a critical view of the Jews and of the
Holocaust, that the Anthroposophical Society is eventually forced to
officially reject him.
Around the same time comes
Prokofieff, who as a youth too senses a great tragedy in the
Anthroposophical Movement in the form of a general failure of the
members to appreciate, with
his same passion, the Christmas Conference.
He too has genius, and like Bondarev absorbs the writings of
Steiner to a degree few would consider possible. But this
striving is rooted in a great flaw, to which we will later return.
Finally comes Gordienko, who is not
only a contemporary of Prokofieff, she is also rumored to have been
romantically attached to him. The tragedy that calls to her
is her perception of Prokofieff's fall from grace, and using her
youthful genius of spirit (she is a mathematical adept in the field of
topology), she writes an astoundingly detailed book (Sergei O.
Prokofieff: Myth and Reality) criticizing
Prokofieff's works, and the Society and Movement in general as failing
to understand what it means for Anthroposophy to be a science. Shortly after its publication, she dies alone on
a mountain road, apparently struck by a vehicle that did not stop.
This then is the movement from the
East, from the Russian Soul, as it pours forces perhaps not yet fully
in the Consciousness Soul into and onto the Center - the
Anthroposophical Movement and Society mostly as it is configured in
Europe. Deep passion and openness to the tragedies of life burn
in this Soul and direct its light.
What are we to make of this, if we
wish not to be asleep ourselves to the truth being written here?
Consider for a moment an approach of
Goethe, who looked at certain phenomena of nature as representing an
archetypal instance worth a thousand - a single gesture of nature which
explains much deeper and more general conditions. In this light
then let us consider Prokofieff. It is not his personal flaws
that are to help us understand something, but rather that particular
flaw which is so typical of the Movement and the Society, that in
understanding how this arises in Prokofieff, we acquire great insight
into the deepest weaknesses of our shared work. His genius makes
this typical flaw not only very visible, but the flaw itself becomes a
remarkable teaching, and we should be grateful that: "None of us are perfect".
In becoming aware of this, we also
become aware of how a certain law of karma reveals itself to us.
Many biographies, in that they stir us to excesses of antipathy
or sympathy, are in that instance a sacrifice - a gift. The more
public and outstanding the flaw, the greater the lesson to those who
learn to observe its truths. Prokofieff, in this sense, then
displays his flaw (which normally in biographies are usually private)
on a grander scale, as perhaps a sacrifice chosen before birth, so that
not only do we learn from each others genius, but we can also learn
from each others mistakes.
In this way the Russian Soul then
gives us not only its genius out of its fascination with life's
suffering, but as well the sacrificial example of its own tragedies and
failings. What then does Prokofieff teach us out of this
sacrificial and public display of his own (and our) imperfections?
First, of course, he teaches this lesson itself - that grand errors made in biographies also teach. There are many public figures in the world toward whom we feel antipathy (or an excess of sympathy), who have made similar sacrifices. [See the latter part of the essay earlier in this book: The Meaning of....]
Second, he confronts us with a
personal question, as to whether we can receive such a lesson without
making the compounding error to turn his natural feet of clay (which we
all have - "None of us are perfect", which by the way has to include Steiner) into a reason to
question all the rest that his life has given. There is a deep
challenge here to practice discernment - to distinguish the true from
the false, the essential from the non-essential - in such a way that
(to borrow a horrible but apt cliche) we don't throw the baby out with
the bathwater.
What then is Prokofieff's flaw that
teaches, in that it is a weakness so very typical of far too many
modern day anthroposophists?
It is the failure to have taken up
the objective philosophical introspective practices of Steiner's The Theory
of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception and The
Philosophy of Spiritual Activity (Freedom), with the consequence that we do not know
how to distinguish in the soul the difference
between belief, understanding and knowledge. [Lest someone
believe there is no basis for this conclusion, Gordienko's book
carefully examines the evidence for whether Prokofieff knows
the philosophical material, whether he knows
Goetheanism or whether he knows the Consciousness Soul.
The result of her examination is that he does not know any of
these quite important matters of soul life. In addition, during
my conversation with him in Ann Arbor, I specifically asked him if he
felt he knew these matters. I explained Gordienko's views, and my
own views (made on the basis of reading his book on Tomberg).
After which I asked him directly if he knew these three (the
philosophical introspection, Goetheanism and/or the Consciousness
Soul), to which question he replied: "None of us are perfect".]
When this confusion about the
difference between belief, understanding and knowledge is coupled with the
ongoing idolatry (excess of sympathy) regarding Steiner-said, the
result is a religion of Steinerism, full of dogmas that
are never questioned and seldom even understood. Prokofieff then
becomes, as far too many also have become, a mere theologian of Steinerism, and not a true practitioner of Anthroposophy (the New
Thinking) or the New Mysteries.
Many anthroposophist have devoted
hours upon hours (totaling perhaps years of their lives) to the reading
of Steiner's books and lectures. Few appreciate, however, the
consequences for the soul of filling it to the brim with the thoughts
of a single individual, without developing the conscious ability to
stand in relationship to such a enormous world view in an independent
and objective fashion. The soul drowns in such a excess of
concepts, and the I is unable to breath freely in such an atmosphere
flooded as it is with almost nothing but what Steiner said.
What is worse is that this defect in
the introspective discernment of our own soul activity causes our work
to acquire an excess of either of what we ourselves call the luciferic
or the ahrimanic. Prokofieff, already full of Russian passion for
tragedy, writes frequently out of luciferic flights of fantasy and a
vague mysticism, such that the gold he does produce is buried under a
burden of excesses of concepts - flocks of ungrounded thoughts (long
long books), when what might have been much more useful was a few tight
lines of verse (his best book by far, on Forgiveness, is quite short).
Some others in our Movement,
suffering the same inability to distinguish belief, understanding and knowledge, reduce Steiner to
rigid rules of conduct, giving to the public face of Anthroposophy the
ahrimanic tendency to dogmatic moral judgments, such that drives others
to think we are nothing more than a fundamentalist cult.
Yet, such gestures within the
Movement and Society are not without their higher purpose, for the
Russian Soul calls out to the American Soul - the East calls across the
Center to the true West. This then brings forward that earthly
pragmatic Consciousness Soul sensibility of Americans, as the right
counter-balance to the dreamy, mystical and somewhat premature
flirtation with the Spirit Self that Prokofieff unwisely promotes.
[This essay and this book may more
be read in America than elsewhere. If American Anthroposophists
take up these indications, then much will be set right in the Movement
and Society as the 21st Century continues to unfold.]
Even so, we now need to address what
it means that so many do not appreciate in practice the difference
between belief,
understanding and knowledge, for this is the
typical state of soul of most anthroposophists, for which Prokofieff is
being offered as the archetype. [the following was written Christmas
Morning, 2006, when I found time to return to this work]
The core question is to what extent
do we have self knowledge of how concepts arise in the soul. If
this self knowledge were easy to come to, it would not have been
necessary for Steiner to write his books on objective philosophical
introspection. At the same time, there is an initial decision
that has to be taken, and that is the decision to self-observe.
Merely reading the books, A Theory
of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception or The
Philosophy of Spiritual Activity (Freedom) is
not enough. We
have to be willing to become objective as we look within.
For the human being to have knowledge, they must be able to unite in the soul two elements of
soul life: the experience (the percept) and the thought (the concept).
In the absence of the experience (the percept) there is no knowledge. To read about Michael, or Christ, is quite
different from having an experience of either.
Reading may lead to understanding, but only experience can lead to knowledge (in the sense Steiner
has used this term). The true study and practice of The
Philosophy of Spiritual Activity (Freedom) is
to lead to a practical appreciation of monism, not just its idea.
[Monism in the sense being used here means that for every
experience there is an Idea - a Being. Gravity, for example, is not an
abstract force due to mass, but rather the will of Cosmic Beings.
On the simplest level this means that for every object of
experience there is a corresponding complex of concepts or Idea. Experience and thought are two sides of one coin.]
The 19th Century left behind a
residue of materialism in philosophical thought, such that it was held
that the human being could not know "the thing in itself".
Steiner showed how to discover in ones own
experience, that thought bears within itself the inside of its object. Thought can know
"the thing in itself." But this does not happen automatically.
It is not a given aspect of thought, but comes only into being if
the I itself (again, Emerson's active soul) calls it forth,
and this calling is an inner act that is essentially moral in nature
(thus The Philosophy of Spiritual Activity speaks
so exactly of moral imagination, moral intuition and moral technique).
Most of what is read by those
reading Steiner produces only concepts (thought), without the related
percepts (experience). This means that when we read, for example,
about the various incarnations of the Earth in Occult
Science: an outline, we do not acquire knowledge, as we lack the relevant experience. It is also
possible we have not intensely enough read the material, or worked it
over, so that the concepts we do create out of reading the text are a
kind of weak tea in relationship to the concepts we could create were
we to be more active inwardly.
If we are sufficiently active
inwardly (consciously awake to our recreation of the pictures, instead
of passive) during the concept formation process of reading, the deeper
will these texts (such as Occult
Science: an outline) give us understanding. If we read carefully the introductory material to both Occult
Science: an outline and Theosophy (for example) we will find there that Steiner repeatedly
uses the term understanding and never uses there the word knowledge. Only in the books on objective philosophical
introspection does he use the word knowledge in the particular way a practical monism requires.
With the fall from grace of the
Society and Movement that followed Steiner's death and then the
internal wars on the Vorstand leading to the split in the Society, it
slowly became an unquestioned habit of soul for many to act as if the
reading of a Steiner text gave knowledge. People began
to treat the texts as a source of spiritual knowledge, such that recently I heard a lecture given by the head
of the pedagogical section of the School of Spiritual Science that had
this phrase: "We
know through Rudolf Steiner that...".
This sentence cannot be true. It could be said: "we might understand through
Rudolf Steiner that...", but not that we know.
Real knowledge never comes through another, but only out
of our own activity such that we are able to unite experience (percept)
and thought (concept), which is a major reason why Steiner repeatedly
insisted we not use him as an authority (the other major
reason is that we are not to make our thinking dependent on him,
otherwise we are not free).
What this social process (the almost universal
assumption that a reading of a Steiner text provides knowledge) means is that not only have we failed to appreciate the
true value of these texts for enlivening our understanding, but we may have allowed this material to enter the soul
as a mere belief. In this way then the teachings of Spiritual
Science become in the soul religious - not scientific,
which is why I have been forced to use the term Steinerism to describe this system of beliefs.
This process also has led to the intellectualization of the Michaelic Cosmic Intelligence given by Steiner, but that is a theme better related elsewhere.
This problem is exacerbated by the
habits of conduct within the institutional social forms of the Society
and Movement, wherein the books about objective philosophical
introspection are read, but not practiced (if they were practiced, we'd
get a whole different kind of activity out of the Vorstand and
Councils). Instead people seem to concentrate on the Six Exercises and Knowledge
of Higher Worlds. This substitution
will not achieve the same inner result. It is the Vorstand itself
that tolerates the fall from grace that has made of Spiritual Science a
system of beliefs. And it is Prokofieff, with his Russian mystical
passions who has made vast aspects of Spiritual Science into Steinerism in his soul and released it over our Society and
Movement filled with a hypnotizing beauty and power not unlike that of
Lucifer.
Absent the profound, necessary and
intimate understanding of his own soul-life through introspection,
Prokofieff teaches a Lucifer-like visionary Steinerism (a system of mere beliefs), and has set himself up as its chief theologian.
This is what Gordienko discovered, which is why she criticized
anthroposophists in general for their failure to be scientific, and
Prokofieff in particular in that his luciferic visionary and mystical
mixture of beliefs
and understanding that falsify what Steiner actually
taught. [Gordienko, by the way, demonstrates considerably more
self-understanding via introspection, than did her countryman,
Prokofieff, which is what enables her book, Sergei O.
Prokofieff: Myth and Realty, to be so
essentially sound. This is evident from the descriptions of her
approach in her book.]
This problem is made all the more
difficult, in that much of what Prokofieff gives is filled with some
degree of understanding (but seldom, if ever, knowledge), which is why it resonates so strongly with the
membership, who share this confusion of understanding mixed with belief. With all of them
lacking the needed deep introspective knowledge of their own souls, the
result is that the vast majority of the Society and Movement are unable
to distinguish that which in Prokofieff's theological teachings of Steinerism is true from that which is false in the understanding, or to separate out what is mere belief.
Some may assert to themselves: I
understand myself. I know myself, Wendt is a nut job!
Obviously I cast a wide net here. At the same time,
thinking which has come to know itself, also recognizes
when such thinking is absent in another, or when our institutional
leaders speak and behave in ways that essentially demonstrate they do
not know, in a practical fashion, what is to be learned by a many
years practice of the science of objective philosophical introspection.
The proof is not to be found in any ones assertions.
It only appears in deeds. The New Thinking leads to
inner and outer action, and is not a mere thought-content.
As Steiner predicted, karma will
hold sway. What was sown in the 20th Century is now being reaped.
Further, as he also predicted in The
Challenge of the Times, there would come a
time when the East would come to discover and to regret its own tragic
failures in that its over-reaching into the Center actually harmed the
spiritual life of that Center.
Is it the point of this essay to blame Prokofieff for this? Not really. He entered an anthroposophical social environment which had already fallen away from its scientific principles. He was taught an unscientific standard of the practice of Anthroposophy, as this unscientific standard had already taken possession of the Society and Movement. When he offered his first work (Rudolf Steiner and the New Mysteries) at age 26, he was not met with the same skeptical resistance as was Tomberg, whose first offerings were at age 31-33. In Tomberg's case, Marie Steiner had insisted that Tomberg violated a spiritual law (attributed to Steiner) that said one could not teach original contributions to Spiritual Science before age 42. In the case of Prokofieff, this assertion seems never to have been made, perhaps in part because so many are unconsciously confused as to what in Prokofieff's writings is original and what is derivative. I doubt even Prokofieff could separate out his beliefs and understandings that are rooted in what he has read in Steiner, and those original thoughts that arose in his own soul. There is no evidence he has produced his vast corpus of work with the necessary degree of self awareness.
With respect to Prokofieff's works,
just consider and contrast that work with the work of Jessiah
Ben-Aharon, as appeared one after the other in the book: The Future
is Now: Anthroposophy at the New Millennium.
First, was Prokofieff's essay, The End of
the Century and the Tasks of the Anthroposophical Society. This essay was largely confusing and rambling,
with its main focus a kind of self justification for Prokofieff's
already favorite theme, The Christmas Conference. Again and again
Prokofieff urges us to believe what he believes, namely that from the
spiritual world one can hear today (suggesting he himself hears) "...this call of the Guardian of
the Threshold, this voice from the land of the spirit sounding to us
from the entire esoteric essence of the Christmas Conference..." such that this "...leads a person to actually laying the Foundation Stone
in his heart, ...".
Without doubt a most wonderful
sentiment, but is it the truth?
Then came Ben-Aharon's essay: The Global
Situation at the End of the Century.
Here we read that a true development* of the "...way to higher worlds,
brings one to the time-place in which Rudolf Steiner and the
anthroposophical work was striving to enter rightly into world
evolution in 1922/3/4/5. This place-of-time, this very specific
sought-for entrance (though not, of course, the eternally relevant content of the First Class) is
wholly past. Its place has been taken by subsequent esoteric and
exoteric history".
*[Ben-Aharon established his
developmental credentials with his remarkable The
Spiritual Event of the Twentieth Century, a
most amazing three panel Imaginative Cognition of the Second Coming.]
One says turn to the Christmas
Conference and follow me for I know its value for the present, and the
other clearly says that "This place in time...is wholly past. Its place has
been taken by subsequent esoteric and exoteric history." We could ask ourselves whether the Christmas
Conference, shortly to be followed by the death of Steiner and then the
Vorstand's descent into disarray, can in any way have the same esoteric
significance for the 20th Century as the Second Coming of Christ in the
Ethereal.
Prokofieff writes and writes and
writes huge long books preaching the Christmas Conference as the main
spiritual and esoteric heart of the 20th Century, becoming a star in
the tiny firmament of the Anthroposophical Society, while Ben-Aharon
writes very little, and does far more in the contemporary world of
activists and members of civil society, living his life in the quite
dangerous world of Israel. Who do you think knows more about the
esoteric truth of the 20th Century?
It is a fair question to ask how I know
what is asserted here, concerning the nature of belief, understanding and knowledge. The simple
fact is that the confused mixture of belief and understanding was also taught
to me by the social environment through which I meet the Society and
Movement. My own soul, in its efforts to imitate what it assumed
was a healthy anthroposophical practice, eventually found itself lost
and in prison - captured by the excess of not-experienced
(percept-less) concepts. Further, I had also assumed
(incorrectly) that my fellow anthroposophists took the science of
objective philosophical introspective teachings seriously. As a
result, I had to learn to untangle this confusion of belief, understanding and knowledge on my own, for the Society and Movement knew
not this problem or its significance. Otherwise, we would be
taught these dangers from the beginning, instead of being feed the
so-called basic
books, and have modeled for us in lecture
after lecture the approach that teaches that Steiner has given us knowledge.
As a result, Prokofieff is as much a
creature of the anthroposophical community that accepted uncritically
his youthful Russian passions, as he is the victim of those same
passions. The two unscientific impulses, one social and
surrounding and the other inward and unfolding, married each other,
with the result that the Vostand accepts and supports beliefs mixed in a confusing fashion with understanding, all the while ignorant of the real necessity for knowledge. [The following was written after attending Mass
late on Christmas Day. Why do I go to Mass, by the way? Am
I another anthroposophist seduced by Tomberg into joining the Church? I
go there, every once in a while, because Christ is always there, and it
is a wondrous experience to open the soul in prayerful meditation in
the social environment in which the Mass is celebrated.]
Is there a way out for
anthroposophists as regards the problem of leaning to distinguish in
the soul mere belief, from true understanding and both of these from real knowledge?
Oddly enough the way out is Faith.
The soul is not meant to only be of the Kings and of Gnosis, but
also of the Shepherds and of Faith. We are entitled to have Faith
in the New Revelations of Christ given to us in the form of
anthroposophical Spiritual Science as taught by Rudolf Steiner, as long
as we are conscious of this acceptance and do not mistake, as an
experience and activity within our own souls, what is mere belief for true understanding or either of
those for real knowledge.
What does this mean in practice for
both the individual and the group?
For the individual this requires of
us an introspective observation of our own soul life, in order to with
almost brutal self-honesty admit that we are acting as if we know
something, when in fact we may only believe it, and/or may not entirely understand it. We have to carefully and with discernment,
tease apart the collection of concepts we hold concerning the spiritual
and its relationship to the material. We have to honestly ask
ourselves: What do I in fact know? What do I have that
is both concept and percept (experience and thought) united?
What cannot pass that first test,
which for most will be almost everything they ever read in a Steiner
text, we have next to more carefully examine. Of this large
collection of concepts, we then need to ask what do I hold as mere belief (all of which should be held at a distance from the I,
in order to not be imprisoned by the concept), and what then finally
remains that I can honestly say I understand of what Steiner gave. This then we can draw nearer,
and contemplate carefully. Yet, in this last category there again
may well be little, for understanding in the sense that
it was offered to us by Steiner requires inner activity and not mere
passive reading.
As to the group, when we do this it will also become necessary to change the social environment of the Society and Movement itself. We need to introduce into our shared vocabulary these three words: belief, understanding and knowledge. We need to speak in this way to each other with modesty, and admit that this which we have read I believe, this which we have read I understand, and of this which we have read I do or do not have knowledge.
Only in this way will Prokofieff's
sacrifice, so as to model our most fallen ways, serve our need.
It is not Prokofieff who needs change as much as us. The
fallen nature of the Society and Movement cannot be redeemed by those
in the institutional hierarchies, but only from below out of the social
commons where the New Mysteries are meant to be practiced in the Branch
and Group work.
Let us finish this contemplation by
adding one more nuance. As we have come to understand, real
knowledge, as conceived by Steiner and as is potential in the soul,
requires the union of experience (percept) and thought (concept).
Yet, in the literature of Anthroposophy, in part as a result of
certain necessities faced by Rudolf Steiner and today as often
practiced (especially by Prokofieff), we have an excess of concepts for which we have little real experience.
This excess of concepts really needs to become grounded in experience, otherwise it floats free of the earthly element of life (becomes luciferic).
In the East, where the ancient
mysteries of Light were produced, the soul finds its more natural state
above the Earth. Gautama Buddha sought and achieved Nirvana - the
Way of Enlightenment - the leaving behind of the cycle of
reincarnations for the surrender of ego to the experience of the
heights. The East elaborates its intercourse with the Divine via
this Enlightenment into profound pictures of Cosmic Existence, which
then become remarkable systems of belief. For the East, the belief in Cosmic Truth alone is the center of the spiritual element of earthly
existence. The Russian Soul bears an aspect of this impulse
within, thus its tendency to religious mysticism.
In the Center, where the ancient
mysteries of Man found a home in the social life of Western
Civilization, the striving to fully leave behind earth existence is
tempered by the Way of Initiation, which seeks to bring down from the
heights into earthly social life, via Art, an understanding of the Divine
Mystery. Here the Ideal is sought to be comprehended, and then to
the extent possible, incarnated. All is to be made into Beauty. (which is why so many of Steiner's lectures and books
are really works of art, with some of the deepest truths rendered into verse
- the Calender of the Soul, and drama
- the Mystery Plays.) Think also of the remarkable Statue of the
Representative of Humanity.
In the West, under the influence of
the ancient mysteries of the Earth, social life is most fully sought to
be realized in practical ways. Science as a means of knowledge takes root quite easily here. Enlightenment and
Initiation are less important, and the center of earthly social life is
found in character, which is what becomes the founding impulse of
America - the citizen as incarnated Virtue, or Goodness.
So we have then in the poetic vision
of the song America the Beautiful, a
profound truth expressed in these words: "...and crown thy good with
brotherhood...". It is out of this
striving for earthly virtue that union with all other humans flows as
an impulse into earthly social existence, first appearing most strongly
in America, and now reaching across the Center, from the true West, and
toward the East. In spite of the wanderings and flaws of
politicians, the true West wants to Love the Center and the East, yet
only out of its own - pragmatic and earthly - genius; that is: because
of the Goodness of such Love. It is in this spirit that this essay
was written. [For hints on the New (as contrasted with ancient) Mysteries of the Earth, read the last and next essay in
seven essay test drive.]